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We present generic frameworks for constructing efficient broadcast encryption schemes in the subset-cover paradigm, introduced by Naor et.al., based on various key derivation techniques. Our frameworks characterize any instantiation completely to its underlying graph decompositions, which are purely combinatorial in nature. This abstracts away the security of each instantiated scheme to be guaranteed by the generic one of the frameworks; thus, gives flexibilities in designing schemes. Behind these are new techniques based on (trapdoor) RSA accumulators utilized to obtain practical performances. We then give some efficient instantiations from the frameworks. Our first construction improves the currently best schemes, including the one proposed by Goodrich et.al., without any further assumptions (only pseudo-random generators are used) by some factors. The second instantiation, which is the most efficient, is instantiated based on RSA and directly improves the first scheme. Its ciphertext length is of order O(r), the key size is O(1), and its computational cost is O(n1/klog2n) for any (arbitrary large) constant k; where r and n are the number of revoked users and all users respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first explicit collusion-secure scheme in the literature that achieves both ciphertext size and key size independent of n simultaneously while keeping all other costs efficient, in particular, sub-linear in n. The third scheme improves Gentry and Ramzan’s scheme, which itself is more efficient than the above schemes in the aspect of asymptotic computational cost.

Graph-Decomposition-Based Frameworks for Subset-Cover Broadcast Encryption and Efficient Instantiations