Open AccessAllogeneic Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Therapy for Periodontitis in Swine
Author(s) -
Ding Gang,
Liu Yi,
Wang Wei,
Wei Fulan,
Liu Dayong,
Fan Zhipeng,
An Yunqing,
Zhang Chunmei,
Wang Songlin
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.512
Subject(s) - periodontal ligament stem cells , periodontitis , transplantation , biology , regeneration (biology) , periodontal fiber , stem cell , immunology , immunosuppression , medicine , dentistry , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme , biochemistry , alkaline phosphatase
Periodontitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases in humans. It is the main cause of tooth loss and associated with a number of systemic diseases. Until now, there is no appropriate method for functional periodontal tissue regeneration. Here, we establish a novel approach of using allogeneic periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) sheet to curing periodontitis in a miniature pig periodontitis model. Significant periodontal tissue regeneration was achieved in both the autologous and the allogeneic PDLSCs transplantation group at 12 weeks post‐PDLSCs transplantation. Based on clinical assessments, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and histological examination, there was no marked difference between the autologous and allogeneic PDLSCs transplantation groups. In addition, lack of immunological rejections in the animals that received the allogeneic PDLSCs transplantation was observed. Interestingly, we found that human PDLSCs fail to express human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐II DR and costimulatory molecules. PDLSCs were not able to elicit T‐cell proliferation and inhibit T‐cell proliferation when stimulated with mismatched major histocompatibility complex molecules. Furthermore, we found that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a crucial role in PDLSCs‐mediated immunomodulation and periodontal tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Our study demonstrated that PDLSCs possess low immunogenicity and marked immunosuppression via PGE2‐induced T‐cell anergy. We developed a standard technological procedure of using allogeneic PDLSCs to cure periodontitis in swine. S TEM C ELLS 2010;28:1829–1838