Open AccessPrognostic Implications of Tumor Differentiation in Clinical T1N0 Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Author(s) -
Margalit Ofer,
ShachamShmueli Einat,
Yang YuXiao,
Lawerence Yaacov R.,
Levy Idan,
Reiss Kim A.,
Golan Talia,
Halpern Naama,
Aderka Dan,
Giantonio Bruce,
Mamtani Ronac,
Boursi Ben
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the oncologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.176
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1549-490X
pISSN - 1083-7159
DOI - 10.1002/onco.13542
Subject(s) - medicine , adenocarcinoma , stage (stratigraphy) , cancer , gastric adenocarcinoma , radiology , oncology , paleontology , biology
Background Current guidelines recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregional gastric adenocarcinoma. Patients diagnosed with early stage gastric adenocarcinoma are usually managed with upfront surgical intervention. However, pathologic staging in a subset of these clinically staged patients identifies more advanced locoregional disease requiring adjuvant treatment. Therefore, identifying these patients prior to surgical intervention is critical to ensure employment of the appropriate treatment paradigm. The aim of the current study was to define patient characteristics associated with clinical understaging in early gastric cancer. Methods Using the National Cancer Database (2004–2014) we identified 3,892 individuals with clinical T1N0 gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent upfront definitive surgery, had negative surgical margins, and did not receive preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Patient characteristics were compared between those with pathologic stage T1N0 disease and those who were upstaged upon surgery. Results Twenty‐seven percent of clinical T1N0 gastric adenocarcinomas had a change in stage because of pathologically defined ≥T2 disease or positive lymph nodes. Individuals who were upstaged had a higher tumor grade compared with those with pathologic stage T1N0 disease. Specifically, 41.9% (530/1,264) of individuals with a poorly differentiated tumor were upstaged, compared with only 10.7% (70/656) with a well‐differentiated tumor. Approximately 75% of cases involved upstaging because of T misclassification. The highest percentage of upstaging was shown for tumors located at the fundus and body of the stomach. Conclusion Upstaging of clinical T1N0 gastric adenocarcinoma is characterized by higher tumor grade and is mostly a result of a change in T stage. These findings mandate thorough workup in order to identify patients with clinically staged T1N0 disease requiring preoperative chemotherapy. Implications for Practice Upstaging of clinical T1N0 gastric adenocarcinoma is characterized by higher tumor grade and is mostly a result of a change in T stage. These findings mandate thorough workup in order to identify patients with clinically staged T1N0 disease requiring preoperative chemotherapy.