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This fluid dynamics video showcases how optically induced electrowetting canbe used to manipulate liquid droplets in open space and particulate phasesinside the droplet. A photoconductive layer is added to a conventionalelectrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) structure to generate light enabled virtualelectrodes, hence resulting in an eletrowetting action. Coplanar electrodesdeployed alternately on a substrate enable open droplet manipulationsdifferentiating from a sandwiched configuration. An integration with anoptoelectric method shows dynamic and rapid particle handling by strong microfluidic vortices in conjunction with other electrokinetic forces inside adroplet. The droplet manipulations are realized with visible illumination andpowered at 150 volts peat-to-peak with a low frequency (100 Hz-800 Hz). Theparticle concentration is achieved on the surface of the same chip butilluminated with a near-infrared (1064 nm) light source and biased with a highfrequency (24 kHz) AC signal.

Light Enabled Digital Microfluidics:A Technology Leading to a Programmable Lab on a Chip