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BaNi$_2$As$_2$ exhibits a first order structural transition at 130 K.Understanding this structural transition is a crucial step towardsunderstanding the electronic properties of the material. We present a combinedoptical spectroscopy and band structure calculation study on the compoundacross the transition. The study reveals that BaNi$_2$As$_2$ is a good metalwith a rather high plasma frequency. The phase transition leads to a smallreduction of conducting carriers. We identify that this reduction is caused bythe removal of several small Fermi surface sheets contributed dominantly fromthe As-As bonding and Ni-As antibonding states.

Origin of the structural phase transition at 130 K in BaNi$_2$As$_2$: a combined study of optical spectroscopy and band structure calculations