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We investigate the surface state of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ using angle resolvedphotoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and transport measurements. By scanning overthe entire Brillouin zone (BZ), we demonstrate that the surface state consistsof a single non-degenerate Dirac cone centered at the $\Gamma$ point.Furthermore, with appropriate hole (Sn) doping to counteract intrinsic n-typedoping from vacancy and anti-site defects, the Fermi level can be tuned tointersect only the surface states, indicating a full energy gap for the bulkstates, consistent with a carrier sign change near this doping in transportproperties. Our experimental results establish for the first time thatBi$_2$Te$_3$ is a three dimensional topological insulator with a single Diraccone on the surface, as predicted by a recent theory.

Large Gap Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 with a Single Dirac Cone on the Surface