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In a Multi-hop Wireless Networks (MHWN), packets are routed between sourceand destination using a chain of intermediate nodes; chains are a fundamentalcommunication structure in MHWNs whose behavior must be understood to enablebuilding effective protocols. The behavior of chains is determined by a numberof complex and interdependent processes that arise as the sources of differentchain hops compete to transmit their packets on the shared medium. In thispaper, we show that MAC level interactions play the primary role in determiningthe behavior of chains. We evaluate the types of chains that occur based on theMAC interactions between different links using realistic propagation and packetforwarding models. We discover that the presence of destructive interactions,due to different forms of hidden terminals, does not impact the throughput ofan isolated chain significantly. However, due to the increased number ofretransmissions required, the amount of bandwidth consumed is significantlyhigher in chains exhibiting destructive interactions, substantially influencingthe overall network performance. These results are validated by testbedexperiments. We finally study how different types of chains interfere with eachother and discover that well behaved chains in terms of self-interference aremore resilient to interference from other chains.

How do Wireless Chains Behave? The Impact of MAC Interactions