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Groups and clusters of galaxies occupy a special position in the hierarchy oflarge-scale cosmic structures because they are the largest and the most massive(from ~10^13 Msun to over 10^15 Msun) objects in the universe that have hadtime to undergo gravitational collapse. The large masses of clusters imply thattheir contents have been accreted from regions of ~8-40 comoving Mpc in sizeand should thus be representative of the mean matter content of the universe.During the next decade sensitive multi-wavelength observations should be ableto map the radial distributions of all main mass components (stars, cold, warm,and hot gas and total mass) at z<~ 1 out to the virial radius. At the sametime, comparative studies of real and simulated cluster samples sould allow usto use clusters as veritable astrophysical laboratories for studying galaxyformation, as well as testing our theoretical models of structure formation andunderlying assumptions about fundamental physics governing the universe.

Towards the 2020 vision of the baryon content of galaxy groups and clusters