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Solar flares are accessible to a broad variety of observational methods tosee and investigate the {\em magnetic reconnection} phenomenon inhigh-temperature strongly-magnetized plasma of the solar corona. An analysis ofthe topological peculiarities of magnetic field in active regions shows thatthe {\em topological trigger} effect is necessary to allow for in order toconstruct models for large eruptive flares. The topological trigger is not aresistive instability which leads to a change of the topology of the fieldconfiguration from pre- to post reconnection state. On the contrary, thetopological trigger is a quick change of the global topology, which dictatesthe fast reconnection of collisional or collisionless nature. The current stateof the art and development potential of the theory of collisionlessreconnection in the strong magnetic fields related to large flares are brieflyreviewed. Particle acceleration is considered in collapsing magnetic trapscreated by reconnection. In order to explain the formation of coronal X-raysources, the Fermi acceleration and betatron mechanism are simultaneously takeninto account analytically in a collisionless approximation. Finally, theemphasis is on urgent unsolved problems of solar flare physics.

Magnetic reconnection and topological trigger in physics of large solar flares