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Semiconductor quantum dots (known as artificial atoms) hold great promise forsolid-state quantum networks and quantum computers. To realize a quantumnetwork, it is crucial to achieve light-matter entanglement and coherentquantum-state transfer between light and matter. Here we present a robustphoton-spin entangling gate with high fidelity and high efficiency (up to 50percent) using a charged quantum dot in a double-sided microcavity. This gateis based on giant circular birefringence induced by a single electron spin, andfunctions as an optical circular polariser which allows only onecircularly-polarized component of light to be transmitted depending on theelectron spin states. We show this gate can be used for single-shot quantumnon-demolition measurement of a single electron spin, and can work as anentanglement filter to make a photon-spin entangler, spin entangler and photonentangler as well as a photon-spin quantum interface. This work allows us tomake all building blocks for solid-state quantum networks with single photonsand quantum-dot spins.

Robust photon-spin entangling gate using a quantum-dot spin in a microcavity