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RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a mobile molecular workshop that polymerizes a RNAmolecule by adding monomeric subunits one by one, while moving step by step onthe DNA template itself. Here we develop a theoretical model by incorporatingthe steric interactions of the RNAPs and their mechanochemical cycles whichexplicitly captures the cyclical shape changes of each motor. Using this model,we explain not only the dependence of the average velocity of a RNAP on theexternally applied load force, but also predict a {\it nonmotonic} variation ofthe average velocity on external torque. We also show the effect of stericinteractions of the motors on the total rate of RNA synthesis. In principle,our predictions can be tested by carrying out {\it in-vitro} experiments whichwe suggest here.

RNA polymerase motor on DNA track: effects of interactions, external force and torque