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This meeting is entitled "A Century of Cosmology." But most of the papersbeing given here are based on work done very recently and there is really noattempt being made to critically review what has taken place in the last 90 or100 years. Instead, in general the participants accept without question thatcosmology equates to "hot big bang cosmology" with all of its bells andwhistles. All of the theory and the results obtained from observations areinterpreted on the assumption that this extremely popular model is the correctone, and observers feel that they have to interpret its results in terms ofwhat this theory allows. No one is attempting to seriously test the model witha view to accepting it or ruling it out. They are aware, as are the theorists,that there are enough free parameters available to fix up almost any model ofthe type.  The current scheme given in detail for example by Spergel et al (206, 2007)demonstrates this. How we got to this stage is never discussed, and little orno attention is paid to the observations obtained since the 1960s on activityin the centers of galaxies and what they imply. We shall show that they are anintegral part of a realistic cosmological model. In this paper I shall take adifferent approach, showing first how cosmological ideas have developed overthe last 90 years and where mistakes have been made. I shall conclude with arealistic model in which all of the observational material is included, andcompare it with the popular model. Not surprisingly I shall show that thereremain many unsolved problems, and previously unexpected observations, most ofwhich are ignored or neglected by current observers and theorists, who believethat the hot big bang model must be correct.

A Realistic Cosmological Model Based on Observations and Some Theory Developed Over the Last 90 Years