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Let B be a real 2-block of a finite group G. Then B has a real defect class.Let g be an element of such a class. A defect couple of B is (D,E), where E isa Sylow 2-subgroup of the extended centralizer C^*(g) of g, and D is theintersection of E with the centralizer C(g). It is known that (D,E) is uniquelydetermined up to G-conjugacy. We show that (D,E) determines which B-subpairsare real. We also outline how (D,E) influences the vertices of components ofthe G-permutation module corresponding to the conjugation action of G on itsinvolutions. We apply these methods to enumerate the Frobenius-Schur indicatorsof the irreducible characters in a real block that has a dihedral defect group.We also determine the vertices of the components of the involution module insuch a block.

Real Subpairs and Frobenius-Schur Indicators of Characters in 2-Blocks