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The paper presents an exponential pheromone deposition rule to modify thebasic ant system algorithm which employs constant deposition rule. A stabilityanalysis using differential equation is carried out to find out the values ofparameters that make the ant system dynamics stable for both kinds ofdeposition rule. A roadmap of connected cities is chosen as the problemenvironment where the shortest route between two given cities is required to bediscovered. Simulations performed with both forms of deposition approach usingElitist Ant System model reveal that the exponential deposition approachoutperforms the classical one by a large extent. Exhaustive experiments arealso carried out to find out the optimum setting of different controllingparameters for exponential deposition approach and an empirical relationshipbetween the major controlling parameters of the algorithm and some features ofproblem environment.

Balancing Exploration and Exploitation by an Elitist Ant System with Exponential Pheromone Deposition Rule