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This paper is focused on soil subsidence of small extend and amplitude causedby tunnel boring or the collapse of underground cavities, whether natural orman-made. The impact of the movements of the ground on existing structures isgenerally dramatic. It is therefore necessary to accurately predict thesemovements (settlements and horizontal extension or compression displacements).Even though it is obvious that the overall stiffness and weight of thestructure influences the size and shape of the soil movement, the main featuresof this soil-structure interaction phenomenon are not well established. Caudronet al. (2006) developed an original small-scale physical model to take thesoil-structure interaction into account. It is based on the use of thefrictional Schneebeli material (assembly of small diameter rods) and a modifiedversion including cohesion in order to reproduce a cohesive layer above acavity. The displacements of the soil are obtained from digital imagesprocessing by particle image velocimetry (PIV). Interesting results wereobtained, probing that the soil-structure interactions could be analysed bythis experimental model. This article is focused in a first part on theinfluence of the position of the structure with respect to the cavity position.Consequences on the areas mainly concerned by horizontal compression orextension of the structure are determined. It appears that the stresses inducedin the building are a superposition of several elementary loading (sum of theeffects of the slope, the horizontal deformations and the curvature). Thesecond part concerns the effect of the relative soil/structure stiffness on theground movement during a cavity collapse by considering a second model ofstructure with similar dimensions but more flexible.

Collapses of underground cavities and soil-structure interactions: influences of the position of the structure relative to the cavity