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Jupiter was imaged during the Science Demonstration of the MCAO Demonstrator(MAD) at the European Southern Observatory's UT3 Very Large Telescope unit. Ioand Europa were used as natural guide stars on either side of Jupiter,separated from each other by about 1.6 arcmin from 23:41 to 01:32 UT (2008 Aug16/17). The corrected angular resolution was 0.090 arcsec across the entirefield of view, as measured on background stars.  The observations at 2.02, 2.14, and 2.16 micrometers were sensitive toportions of the Jovian spectrum with strong methane absorption. The data probethe upper troposphere, which is populated with a fine (~0.5 micrometer) haze.Two haze sources have been proposed: lofting of fine cloud particles into thestable upper troposphere, and condensation of hydrazine produced via ammoniaphotochemistry. The upper tropospheric haze is enhanced over Jupiter'sequatorial region.  Dramatic changes in the underlying cloud cover--part of the 2006/2007 "globalupheaval"--may be associated with changes in the equatorial haze distributionnow evident in the 2008 MAD images. Haze reflectivity peaked at 5 degrees N inHST/NICMOS data from 2005, but it now peaks at the equator. The observationssuggest that haze variation is controlled by particle size, cloud sourcevariation, diffusion, and horizontal transport.

A shift in Jupiter's equatorial haze distribution imaged with the Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics Demonstrator at the VLT