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We use the Cluster EFW experiment to measure the cross-shock electric fieldat ten low $\beta$, quasi-perpendicular supercritical bow shock crossings onMarch 31, 2001. The electric field data are Lorentz-tranformed to a NormalIncidence frame (NIF), in which the incoming solar wind velocity is alignedwith the shock normal. In a boundary normal coordinate system, the cross-shock(normal) electric field is integrated to obtain the cross shock potential.Using this technique, we measure the cross-shock potential at each of the fourCluster satellites and using an electric field profile averaged between thefour satellites. Typical values are in the range 500-2500 volts. Thecross-shock potential measurements are compared with the ion kinetic energychange across the shock. The cross-shock potential is measured to be from 23 to236% of the ion energy change, with large variations between the four Clusterspacecraft at the same shock. These results indicate that solar wind flowthrough the shock is likely to be variable in time and space and resultingstructure of the shock is therefore nonstationary.

Direct measurement of the cross-shock electric potential at low plasma $\beta$, quasi-perpendicular bow shocks