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The PVLAS collaboration has announced recently the observation dichroism andbirefringence of vacuum permeated by a intense magnetic field. Both are typicalpredictions of the existence of light particles that, as the QCD axion,interact with the electromagnetic field. The strength of the interaction asinferred from the PVLAS measurements is however strongly excluded byastrophysical arguments and axion Helioscopes since these particles, asneutrinos, would be copiously produced in the interior of the Sun. In thisThesis several refined models are presented where the astrophysical bounds areseverely relaxed, allowing the PVLAS particle interpretation. All these modelsinvolve the existence of further new particles, in particular paraphotons andmillicharged particles. Also a model-independent study is performed, showingthat the reconciliation of the PVLAS particle interpretation implies new lowenergy physics, usually accessible to precision experiments. Finally, if thePVLAS particle would be parity even, the strongest exclusion bounds would come,not from astrophysics, but from experiments searching for 5th type forces.

Can the PVLAS particle be compatible with the astrophysical bounds?