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Warming in complex physical systems, in particular global warming, attractssignificant contemporary interest. It is essential, therefore, to understandbasic physical mechanisms leading to overheating. It is well known thatapplication of an electric field to conductors heats electric charge carriers.Often an elevated electron temperature describes the result of the heating.This paper demonstrates that an electric field applied to a conductor withdiscrete electron spectrum produces a non-equilibrium electron distribution,which cannot be described by temperature. Such electron distribution changesdramatically the conductivity of highly mobile two dimensional electrons in amagnetic field, forcing them into a state with a zero differential resistance.Most importantly the results demonstrate that, in general, the effectiveoverheating in the systems with discrete spectrum is significantly strongerthan the one in systems with continuous and homogeneous distribution of theenergy levels at the same input power.

Warming in systems with discrete spectrum: spectral diffusion of two dimensional electrons in magnetic field