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In a distributed space-time coding scheme, based on the relay channel model,the relay nodes co-operate to linearly process the transmitted signal from thesource and forward them to the destination such that the signal at thedestination appears as a space time block code. Recently, a code designcriteria for achieving full diversity in a partially-coherent environment havebeen proposed along with codes based on differential encoding and decodingtechniques. For such a set up, in this paper, a non-differential encodingtechnique and construction of distributed space time block codes from unitarymatrix groups at the source and a set of diagonal unitary matrices for therelays are proposed. It is shown that, the performance of our scheme isindependent of the choice of unitary matrices at the relays. When the group iscyclic, a necessary and sufficient condition on the generator of the cyclicgroup to achieve full diversity and to minimize the pairwise error probabilityis proved. Various choices on the generator of cyclic group to reduce the MLdecoding complexity at the destination is presented. It is also shown that, atthe source, if non-cyclic abelian unitary matrix groups are used, thenfull-diversity can not be obtained. The presented scheme is also robust tofailure of any subset of relay nodes.

A Non-differential Distributed Space-Time Coding for Partially-Coherent Cooperative Communication