English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Many experimental results around and above the energies where the solarmodulation affects cosmic ion fluxes were quantified, conceptualized anddebated using leaky box models. These models exploit the notion of equilibriumbetween creation and destruction processes of cosmic ions in anundifferentiated arbitrary volume representing the Galaxy, ignoring thegalactic magnetic field, the size of the Galaxy, the position of the solarcavity, the spatial distribution of the sources, the space variation of theinterstellar matter and other pertinent observations. Progress in themeasurements of the quoted observational parameters rendes obsolete the use ofthe leaky box models. Specific examples substantiating the inadequacy of theleaky box models are analyzed such as the conversion of the boron-to-carbonflux ratio into grammage and the residence times of cosmic ions in the Galaxy.The unphysical and misleading nature of the leaky box models is ascertained andillustrated at very high energy.

The Misleading Nature of the Leaky Box Models in Cosmic Ray Physics