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To date, most analysis of WLANs has been focused on their operation undersaturation condition. This work is an attempt to understand the fundamentalperformance of WLANs under unsaturated condition. In particular, we areinterested in the delay performance when collisions of packets are resolved byan exponential backoff mechanism. Using a multiple-vacation queueing model, wederive an explicit expression for packet delay distribution, from whichnecessary conditions for finite mean delay and delay jitter are established. Itis found that under some circumstances, mean delay and delay jitter mayapproach infinity even when the traffic load is way below the saturationthroughput. Saturation throughput is therefore not a sound measure of WLANcapacity when the underlying applications are delay sensitive. To bridge thegap, we define safe-bounded-mean-delay (SBMD) throughput andsafe-bounded-delay-jitter (SBDJ) throughput that reflect the actual networkcapacity users can enjoy when they require bounded mean delay and delay jitter,respectively. The analytical model in this paper is general enough to coverboth single-packet reception (SPR) and multi-packet reception (MPR) WLANs, aswell as carrier-sensing and non-carrier-sensing networks. We show that the SBMDand SBDJ throughputs scale super-linearly with the MPR capability of a network.Together with our earlier work that proves super-linear throughput scalingunder saturation condition, our results here complete the demonstration of MPRas a powerful capacity-enhancement technique for both delay-sensitive anddelay-tolerant applications.

Delay Analysis for Wireless Local Area Networks with Multipacket Reception under Finite Load