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Baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) is a powerful probe on the expansion of theuniverse, shedding light on elusive dark energy and gravity at cosmologicalscales. BAO measurements through biased tracers of the underlying matterdensity field, as most proposals do, can reach high statistical accuracy.However, possible scale dependence in bias may induce non-negligiblesystematical errors, especially for the most ambitious spectroscopic surveysproposed. We show that precision spectroscopic redshift information availablein these surveys allows for {\it self calibration} of the galaxy bias and itsstochasticity, as function of scale and redshift. Through the effect ofredshift distortion, one can simultaneously measure the real space powerspectra of galaxies, galaxy-velocity and velocity, respectively. At relevantscales of BAO, galaxy velocity faithfully traces that of the underlying matter.This valuable feature enables a rather model independent way to measure thegalaxy bias and its stochasticity by comparing the three power spectra. For thesquare kilometer array (SKA), this self calibration is statistically accurateto correct for 1% level shift in BAO peak positions induced by bias scaledependence. Furthermore, we find that SKA is able to detect BAO in the velocitypower spectrum, opening a new window for BAO cosmology.

Self calibration of galaxy bias in spectroscopic redshift surveys of baryon acoustic oscillations