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The discovery of quantum oscillations in the normal-state electricalresistivity of YBa2Cu3O6.5 provides the first evidence for the existence ofFermi surface (FS) pockets in an underdoped cuprate. However, the pockets'electron vs. hole character, and the very interpretation in terms of closed FScontours, are the subject of considerable debate. Angle-resolved photoemissionspectroscopy (ARPES), with its ability to probe electronic dispersion as wellas the FS, is ideally suited to address this issue. Unfortunately, the ARPESstudy of YBa2C3O7-d (YBCO) has been hampered by the technique's surfacesensitivity. Here we show that this stems from the polarity and correspondingself-doping of the YBCO surface. By in-situ deposition of potassium atoms onthe cleaved surface, we are able to continuously tune the doping of a singlesample from the heavily overdoped to the underdoped regime. This reveals theprogressive collapse of the normal-metal-like FS into four disconnected nodalFS arcs, or perhaps into hole but not electron pockets, in underdoped YBCO6.5.

Controlling the self-doping of YBa2C3O7-d polar surfaces: From Fermi surface to nodal Fermi arcs by ARPES