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When carbon dioxide (CO2) is injected into an aquifer or a depletedgeological reservoir, its dissolution into solution results in acidification ofthe pore waters. As a consequence, the pore waters become more reactive, whichleads to enhanced dissolution-precipitation processes and a modification of themechanical and hydrological properties of the rock. This effect is especiallyimportant for limestones given that the solubility and reactivity of carbonatesis strongly dependent on pH and the partial pressure of CO2. The main mechanismthat couples dissolution, precipitation and rock matrix deformation is commonlyreferred to as intergranular pressure solution creep (IPS) or pervasivepressure solution creep (PSC). This process involves dissolution atintergranular grain contacts subject to elevated stress, diffusion of dissolvedmaterial in an intergranular fluid, and precipitation in pore spaces subject tolower stress. This leads to an overall and pervasive reduction in porosity dueto both grain indentation and precipitation in pore spaces. The percolation ofCO2-rich fluids may influence on-going compaction due to pressure solution andcan therefore potentially affect the reservoir and its long-term CO2 storagecapacity. We aim at quantifying this effect by using a 2D numerical model tostudy the coupling between dissolution-precipitation processes, local masstransfer, and deformation of the rock over long time scales. We show that highpartial pressures of dissolved CO2 (up to 30 MPa) significantly increase therates of compaction by a factor of ~ 50 to ~ 75, and also result in aconcomitant decrease in the viscosity of the rock matrix.

Numerical modeling of carbon dioxide sequestration on the rate of pressure solution creep in limestone: Preliminary results