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Plutarchus, circa 100 AD, in his early book on "astrophysics" --in which heexposed, in a sense, a general theory of gravitation-- wrote the noticeablepassage: <<The Moon gets the guarantee of not falling down just from its motionand from the dash associated with its revolution, exactly as stones in slingscannot fall due to their circular whirling motion; in fact, each thing isdragged by its mere natural motion only if it isn't deviated by something else.The Moon, therefore, is not dragged down by its weight, because its naturaltendency is frustrated by its revolution. And, on the contrary, it would bereally amazing if it could remain at rest always at the same place, like theEarth>>. While Posidonius (circa 135-51 BC) had written: <<Matter is endowedwith a cohesion that keeps it together and against which the surrounding vacuumhas no power. Indeed, the material world is supported by an immense force, andalternately contracts and expands in the vacuum following its own physicalprocesses, now consumed by fire, now, instead, giving rise to a new creation ofthe cosmos>>. These two examples show how "modern" was part of the ancientGreek physics, frequently overlooked since it is sometimes known through thepraiseworthy translations of scholars often competent in humanities, more thanin science. [A more extended English summary appears at the beginning of thisarticle, which is in Italian.]

Aspetti Moderni della Fisica Greca [Modern Aspects of Ancient Greek Physics]