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Ettore Majorana was a member of Enrico Fermi's research group in Rome, Italy.Fermi did regard Majorana as much brihter than himself as far as theoreticalphysics was concerned (more information can be found particularly in thearXives' e-print physics/9810023, in Italian, and refs therein, and also in therecent multilanguage arXiv:0708.2855v1 [physics.hist-ph]). In 1937 Majoranapartecipated in the national Italian competition, for a chair in theoreticalphyics, requested by Emilio Segre' at that time at Palermo University: Othercompetitors being GC.Wick, G.Racah, and G.Gentile jr. After a proposal of thejudging Commette, chaired by E.Fermi, Majorana got a full-professorship atNaples University, for exceptional scientific merits, outside the competitionnormal procedures. In this e-print we make known the notes prepared by Majoranafor his Inaugural Lecture (and discovered long ago, in 1973, by one of thepresent editors (ER)),together with some comments of ours: everything beingboth in English (first article) and in Italian (second article, with a shortBibliography at its end). The present articles have been prepared on theoccasion of the Centenary (2006) of Majorana's birth. The preliminary notes forhis Inaugural Lecture reveal Majorana's interest not only for scientificresearch, but also for the best didactical methods to be followed in order toteach classical and quantum physics in the most effective way (while hisapproach to Special Relativity is known to us from his lecture notes, publishedelesewhere). P.S.: Il Riassunto in Italiano appare all'inizio della versioneitaliana.

Ettore Majorana's Inaugural Lecture on Theoretical Physics (Naples, Italy; Jan.13, 1938)