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Wang and White (2007) have discussed some problems with N-body simulationmethods. These problems are a special case of a more general problem which hasbeen largely unacknowledged for approximately 25 years, and affects results ofall dark matter simulations on small scales (the definition of 'small' varyingwith time). Extensive numerical experiments with multiple types of N-body codeshave demonstrated that spurious fluctuations due to particle discreteness growrapidly even in the presence of substantial small-scale power from the intendedmodel spectrum, and modify the results on scales smaller than the mean comovinginterparticle separation. This implies that the spatial resolution of suchsimulations is typically limited not by the force softening length, oftenreferred to as the 'resolution', and not by the particle density in halos.Instead it is approximately N^-1/3, where N is the mean particle density, andof course depends on and improves very slowly with increased number ofparticles. This calls into question many results on smaller scales over morethan two decades.

Comment on 'Discreteness Effects in Simulations of Hot/Warm Dark Matter' by J. Wang & S.D.M. White