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Cichlid fishes are one of the best model system for the study of evolution ofthe species. Inspired by them, in this paper we simulated the splitting of asingle species into two separate ones via random mutations, with bothpopulations living together in sympatry, sharing the same habitat. We study theecological, mating and genetic conditions needed to reproduce thepolychromatism and polymorphism of three species of the Midas Cichlid speciescomplex. Our results show two scenarios for the A. Citrinellus speciationprocess, one with and the other without disruptive natural selection. In thefirst scenario, the ecological and genetic conditions are sufficient to createtwo new species, while in the second the mating and genetic conditions must besynchronized in order to control the velocity of genetic drift.

Computer simulations on the sympatric speciation modes for the Midas cichlid species complex