Secure Hajj Permission Based on Identifiable Pilgrim’s Information

Event management of large international events is\udattracting interest from researchers, not least due to the potential\uduse of technology to provide support throughout the different\udstages of the event. Some events, such as major sports or\udreligious events, can involve millions of people from different\udcountries, and require active management to control access (e.g.\udmany popular events can be oversubscribed) and to reduce risks\udfor the participants, local communities and environment. This\udpaper explores the context of a large event - the Hajj pilgrims in\udSaudi Arabia - which involves up to three million pilgrims,\udmany of whom are international. The paper presents a novel\udidentification system - the Identification Wristband Hajj\udPermission (IWHP) - which uses encryption technologies and\udbiometric attributes to identify pilgrims, whilst remaining\udsensitive to the context of the Hajj. The suggested solution has\udmany attributes of relevance that could support its use in other\udlarge-crowd events.\u