Command-And-Control or Taxation? The Cases of Water Regulation in California and Denmark
Author(s) -
Christina Harders,
Gert Tinggaard Svendsen
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
environmental management and sustainable development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2164-7682
DOI - 10.5296/emsd.v4i2.8358
Subject(s) - variation (astronomy) , control (management) , scarcity , order (exchange) , span (engineering) , class (philosophy) , economics , public economics , microeconomics , finance , computer science , engineering , management , artificial intelligence , physics , civil engineering , astrophysics
California and Denmark are both facing water scarcity issues as demand has increased and supply has decreased over the years. In order to solve this problem these two actors have chosen very different ways of dealing with sustaining an adequate amount of domestic water supply. California has chosen an ineffective command-and-control (CAC) tool, whereas Denmark has chosen the effective tool of taxation. One main explanation for this variation in policy choice is the variation in institutional setups, namely the corporatist route in Denmark versus the pluralistic route in California.
Accelerating Research
Robert Robinson Avenue,
Oxford Science Park, Oxford
OX4 4GP, United Kingdom
Address
John Eccles HouseRobert Robinson Avenue,
Oxford Science Park, Oxford
OX4 4GP, United Kingdom