Open AccessEvolution of the framework for 21st century competencies
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
knowledge management and e-learning: an international journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.526
H-Index - 21
eISSN - 2309-5008
pISSN - 2073-7904
DOI - 10.34105/j.kmel.2013.05.002b
Subject(s) - information and communications technology , heading (navigation) , conceptual framework , knowledge management , order (exchange) , political science , guideline , engineering ethics , sociology , engineering , computer science , business , social science , finance , law , aerospace engineering
This article presents the successive changes and evolution of the frameworks for 21st century competencies, since the appearance of the first conceptual models during the final years of the last century, and also it is a review of the competencies that are needed in the 21st century with a special focus on the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) competencies. The included frameworks have been elaborated by diverse institutions such as international organizations, private consortia and also governments as a guideline for educational policies in elementary and secondary schools. Later, the frameworks are compared and analyzed according to a classification of the competencies into general categories, in order to visualize some trends and obtain some insights about the direction they are heading. Finally, it provides some suggestions for the conception of future frameworks.