HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF OBJECTS OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN RAILWAY IN THE BELGOROD REGION

The article considers the main historical milestones in the development of the Kursk-Kharkov-Azov railway, going from Kursk through Belgorod to the Rostov station, the Kharkov-Balashov railway passing through the district towns of Valuyki and Biryuch, Voronezh province, and the Yelets-Valuysky railway passing through the cities of Stary Oskol and Novy Oskol, the junction station of Valuyki, Kursk province, private Belgorod - Sumy railway, passing through the nodes of the Gotnyu station to Basy station in the Sumy region, Lgovo - Kharkov line north- Donetsk Railway, also passes through the nodal Gotnya station and Kharkov. Subsequently, these railways, built on the territory of modern Belgorod region in the period from the 19th to the beginning of the 20th centuries, became part of the Southeast Railway. The old historical buildings that have survived to this day on railway stations are explored at the junction stations, such as: Belgorod station, Botkino station, Nezhegol station, Tomarovka station, Sumovskaya station, Gotnya station. Historical and archival materials about the main customers and builders of the Belgorod railways of the South-East direction are studied and analyzed: founder S. S. Polyakov, Prince F. Yusupov, founders M. Tereshchenko and P. Kharitonenko, railway engineers: V. S. Semicheva, M. A. Danilove, P. P. Solntsevo, Baron K. F. von Taube, F. A. Ditmar, P. M. Sveshnikov, engineer - tracker I. A. Sumovsky, prospectors: V. A. Panaev, N I. Antonov, V.F. Golubev. The architectural and stylistic features of the preserved buildings of the station, their space-planning and space-spatial solutions are analyzed. In accordance with the Company policy of the Joint Stock Company «Russian Railways» for the preservation of historical station buildings and within the framework of historical, architectural, comparative and visual landscape analyzes, the ways of further research and development of methods for the possible conservation of historical buildings of railway station complexes of the 19th - early 20th centuries and their adaptations for modern use are defined