Vulvodynia ‐ a complex syndrome of vulvar pain

Vulvodynia is a syndrome of unexplained vulvar pain, sexual dysfunction, and psychological disability. The incidence or prevalence of this condition is not known. Several subtypes of vulvodynia have been recognized. Recognition of the distinct subsets of vulvodynia is a prerequisite for successful management. Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome, cyclic vulvovaginitis, and dysesthetic vulvodynia are the most common subtypes. Other frequently misdiagnosed vulvar or vaginal conditions which can also cause culvodynia are vulvar papillomatosis, cytolytic vaginosis, lactobacillosis, and desquamative inflammatory vaginitis. In addition, many vulvar dermatoses can cause acute or chronic vulvar itching or pain, and are a frequent cause of differential diagnostic problems. In conclusion, vulvodynia is a complex multifactorial underdiagnosed clinical syndrome. Systematic epidemiologic, etiologic, and therapeutic studies of vulvodynia should be undertaken.