Open AccessEvaluating Business Performance and Efficiency in the Medical Tourism: A Multi-criteria Approach
Author(s) -
Veronika Čabinová,
Peter Gallo,
Petra Pártlová,
Ján Dobrovič,
Milan Stoch
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of tourism and services
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1804-5650
DOI - 10.29036/jots.v12i22.247
Subject(s) - benchmarking , data envelopment analysis , tourism , confirmatory factor analysis , business , context (archaeology) , total factor productivity , industrial organization , business administration , marketing , economics , productivity , mathematics , statistics , economic growth , political science , geography , archaeology , service (business) , law
Measuring the performance and efficiency of the tourism enterprises is essential regarding the current pandemic situation. In such a context, improving their financial situation and competitive position also depend on the use of innovative multi-criteria evaluation models. The paper's main objective is to propose the newly designed Performance & Efficiency model (P&E model) for Slovak spa enterprises. Its structure consists of three dimensions – P&E_I, P&E_II, P&E_III. The application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis validates 34 key performance ratios reflecting the financial situation of enterprises within the P&E_I. In case of P&E_II, the development of value-added dynamics is measured by using the Economic Value Added Momentum. Using the Data Envelopment Analysis, the level of enterprise efficiency is quantified (P&E_III). The partial results of the dimensions are transformed using min-max normalization to the overall score ranging from 0 to 3. Based on the results, a rating scale of all enterprises is carried out, and both their partial and overall positions are assessed through benchmarking. During the research (2013 – 2018), the best results are achieved for SE03 (Spa Bojnice, Inc.), SE21 (Specialised Spa Institute Marína, s.e.), and SE18 (Spa Horný Smokovec, Ltd.). The worst-rated spa enterprises include SE14 (Natural Iodine Spa Číž, Inc.), SE09 (Spa Sliač, Inc.), and SE19 (Pieniny Resort, Ltd.). The proposed P&E model is easily applicable to other tourism enterprises. The research as carried out enables deepening of knowledge concerning the multi-criteria evaluation and management concepts and helps enterprises overcome current unfavorable situations.