Open AccessThe ways of improving and stabilization the productivity of pasture reclamation and forage plantations in the agricultural landscapes of the Lower Volga region
Author(s) -
Karine Yuryevna Trubakova
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
agrarnyj naučnyj žurnal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2587-9944
pISSN - 2313-8432
DOI - 10.28983/asj.y2021i8pp44-48
Subject(s) - pasture , land reclamation , productivity , forage , agronomy , vegetation (pathology) , environmental science , grassland , grazing , agriculture , steppe , geography , agroforestry , forestry , biology , ecology , medicine , pathology , economics , macroeconomics
The goal of the research is the development of effective methods of stabilization and determining ways to increase productive productivity in natural and designed agrocenosis. It is necessary to choose the promising composition of the pasture reclamation and forage plantations, taking into account their seasonality and the optimal seizures of the seizure of phytomass. The objects of research chosen pasture phytocenoses of the Astrakhan Volga region, the northern part of the Harabali district, the Burley plot (47° 33' N.; 47° 16' E), and vegetative sites of the hydrological complex of the Federal research center of agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Volgograd (48 ° 65' N., 44 ° 44' E.). Ecological and biological features of the dominant forage shrubs of Eurotia Ceratoides L. and Kochia Prostrata L. Schrad, Artemisia Lercheana Web., and the herbs of the Poaceae family studied according to generally accepted techniques. As a result of research, it was found that in the vegetative sites with a black soil soil substrate, the best conditions for the growth and development of herbage with the average productivity of the green mass of 1.1 t / ha for vegetation are formed, where more than 70% of the phytomass shape Poaceae. The smallest average productivity is marked on the light-chestnut soup substrate "Spring-Summer" pasture – 0.73 t / ha. Conclusion. The use of pastures is different, so the composition of agrocenoses must be chosen based on the season of operation, optimizing the load on the pasture. At the moment, the maximum adapted composition of the pasture reclamation and forage plantations, promising to create multi-tiered communities. The presented assortment serves as a stable source of additional and stable animal feed on the pasture, while at the same time rendering a positive phytomeliorative effect. The design of pasture agrocenoses allows to achieve productivity of at least 0.73 t / ha. In the structure of their phytomass, cereal species dominate, and shrubs and semi-stares perform a stabilizing role, contributing to the acceleration of the processes for the restoration of degraded pasture phytocenoses.