Transforming the policies of international organizations of the EU and NATO in order to ensure the energy security of member states

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of international energy security. It was perceived as part of general international security, and as a branch of national security. But new threats require that regional international organizations and military-political organizations, such as the EU and NATO, address this issue. When Russia cut off gas supplies through Ukraine in 2006 and 2009, some industrial production was suspended. This caused significant economic damage. This showed a clear vulnerability on the part of NATO countries and the possibility of using energy mechanisms against them in the future. Therefore, a stable supply of fuel has become a very important factor for Allies. It is expected that the actions of European countries to reduce CO2 emissions and replace carbon fuel with environmentally friendly energy will put pressure on the economy of oil and gas exporters. This will also have an indirect impact on importers, in particular NATO member states. The pursuit of clean energy carries not only benefits but also risks. The implications of switching to alternative energy sources for individual fossil fuel producers will vary. In some countries there may be social unrest, political crises until the collapse of the state. The latter can lead to waves of migration to Europe or the United States. The policies of individual states, which will lose legal sources of budget replenishment, and especially if they become a haven for terrorists, may become more aggressive. When formulating energy security policy, the possibility of using the energy sector as a weapon by individual states to achieve their foreign policy goals should be taken into account. Therefore, each state (union of states) will try to achieve a higher level of not only energy security, but also protection from associated threats.