SOME ASPECTS OF TRANSITION TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS IN MESO- AND MACRO-LEVELS

Against the backdrop of the growing influence of economic processes on the environment, the trend of the reverse effect of ecology on the economic activity is becoming more and more evident. The so-called concept of sustainable development has become one of the most important factors in modernizing the national economy. The emergence of the concept was preceded by the efforts of a group of scientists called the Club of Rome, whose work influenced the world community in understanding the dangers of the ecological crisis. Modern scientists consider the work of the Russian scientist V. I. Vernadsky on the biosphere and noosphere a worldview platform for sustainable development. The institutional mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic development is understood to mean a set of interrelated elements: institutions, methods, instruments that ensure the link between economic growth and intensive use of materials and energy consumption, and the formation of sustainable "green" economic growth. Energy efficiency, energy production and storage, transport, agriculture, construction, water supply, production and industry are the priority areas for investment in the transition to a "green" economy, according to the estimates of the United National Environment Program. The analysis of Russian practice allows us to state that at present environmental problems are not yet a priority for Russian companies. Partly, this is due to the lack of development of discussion in society and at the political level on environmental issues, to the lack of mastery of "green" technologies and many other reasons. The problem of developing and implementing "green" innovations remains at the level of government rhetoric, without concrete active actions. At the same time, the lack of a state policy in the field of "green" innovations is not the only problem. Private investment is equally important. It is necessary to expand the state presence in the market of "green" technologies, to develop state support for "green" innovative projects with high multiplicative potential, public-private partnership, international cooperation in this field.