Open AccessArchitectural Sustainability on the Impacts of Different Air-Conditioning Operational Profiles and Temperature Setpoints on Energy Consumption: Comparison between Mosques with and Without HVLS Fan in the City Center Mosques
Author(s) -
Nur Amalina Syairah Mohamed,
Zalina Shari,
Nur Dalilah Dahlan,
Ibiyeye Aminat Idowu
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of design and the built environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2232-1500
pISSN - 1823-4208
DOI - 10.22452/jdbe.vol21no2.3
Subject(s) - setpoint , energy consumption , air conditioning , thermal comfort , efficient energy use , environmental science , engineering , energy (signal processing) , automotive engineering , environmental engineering , meteorology , computer science , electrical engineering , mechanical engineering , mathematics , geography , statistics , artificial intelligence
The use of air-conditioning (AC) in conjunction with high-volume, low-speed (HVLS) fan has become a trend in retrofitted mosque buildings in Malaysia to improve thermal comfort conditions. However, the energy impact of operating AC and HVLS fan simultaneously is unknown. This study compares the annual energy consumptions between mosques with and without HVLS fan installed and investigates the optimum temperature setpoints and operational profile to improve the mosques' energy efficiency. The comparison using the Building Energy Index (BEI) did not clearly show the superiority between the two groups in terms of energy performance. The study found that both studied mosques could produce around 1-4.9% energy reduction when the AC temperature setpoint was increased by 1˚C and could result in the highest cost-saving of about 4.9% when the temperature was set at 27˚C. A 30-minute AC operation during each daily prayer, except Subuh, could save between 14.8-16.7% annual energy consumption and about 15.15-16.6% annual energy cost. The paper concludes that the selection of 24-27˚C temperature setpoints with a 30-minute AC operational profile during prayers time with consideration Friday prayers and Ramadhan activities produced 18.4-20.6% savings in energy cost. This study calls for reevaluations of AC temperature setpoints configuration standards and operational characteristics in mosque buildings to reduce the buildings' energy consumption. This paper contributes to the development of future energy standards for mosque designs and operations in Malaysia.