Open AccessReview on Diagnostic Methods for SARS-CoV-2
Author(s) -
Chandrashekhar Chauriya,
Mahesh Chandra Sahu,
Anuj Kumar Singh,
Amita Verma
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
coronaviruses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2666-7975
pISSN - 2666-7967
DOI - 10.2174/2666796701999201211213517
Subject(s) - medicine , pandemic , radiological weapon , covid-19 , serology , diagnostic test , epidemiology , intensive care medicine , disease , virology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , immunology , pathology , emergency medicine , antibody , surgery
Background:: In December 2019, a large number of patients with a novel coronaviruswere identified in Wuhan, China. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is highly contagious and increasingthe rate of mortality day by day. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as aworldwide pandemic on March 11, 2020. Early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 can restrict theCOVID-19 pandemic. Objective:: We aim to study the currently available diagnostic methods for COVID-19. Methods:: World Health Organisation portal, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention portal, IndianCouncil of Medical Research portal, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention portal,Science Direct, Google Scholar, Research Gate, etc. were searched for obtaining data. Results:: Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment can reduce the number of prospective cases. The diagnosticstrategy encompasses the screening of the virus with nucleic acid amplification test(NAAT) such as real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Serologicaltesting is a diagnostic procedure used for identifying the presence of immune responses. Radiologicalfindings in individuals with COVID-19 are characterised by multiple areas of consolidationin the chest. Rapid antigen tests are in-vitro diagnostics that have been designed to give resultswithin 10-20 min. Conclusion:: Rapid, simple, and safe diagnosis of COVID-19 has a great impact on deciding clinicaland epidemiological factors. RT-PCR results often require 5 to 6 hours. Diagnosis by serologicaltesting is not suitable but important epidemiologically. At present, the best radiological strategyremains undefined. Rapid antigen tests have limitations on sensitivity.