Open Access
PATOGENISITAS Achaea janata GRANULOSIS VIRUS (AjGV) TERHADAP ULAT PEMAKAN DAUN TANAMAN JARAK KEPYAR
Author(s) -
IGAA. INDRAYANI,
Heri Prabowo,
TITIEK YULIANTI
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
jurnal penelitian tanaman industri (industrial crops research journal)/jurnal penelitian tanaman industri
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2528-6870
pISSN - 0853-8212
DOI - 10.21082/jlittri.v20n2.2014.57-64
Subject(s) - biology , horticulture , zoology , physics
ABSTRAK Achaea janata L. adalah hama penting tanaman jarak kepyar (Ricinus communis) yang hingga kini pengendaliannya masih menggunakan insektisida kimia secara intensif. Selain tidak efisien, insektisida kimia juga menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka perlu cara pengendalian alternatif yang selain efektif dan efisien, juga ramah lingkungan, seperti virus yang diisolasi dari ulat A. janata (A. janata Granulosis Virus/AjGV). Penelitian patogenisitas AjGV pada A. janata dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Serangga Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas) mulai Januari - Desember 2012. Perlakuan terdiri atas enam konsentrasi AjGV, yaitu 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 occlusion bodies (OB), dan satu kontrol. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan empat kali ulangan. Ulat A. janata yang digunakan adalah instar II, III, IV, dan V masing-masing 90 ekor/perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas dan bobot ulat, konsentrasi untuk membunuh 50% ulat (LC 50 ), dan waktu untuk membunuh 50% ulat (LT 50 ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AjGV patogenik terhadap A. janata, terutama ulat instar II dan III dengan mortalitas berturut-turut 90 dan 86,7%. LC 50 AjGV pada ulat instar II dan III masing-masing mencapai 1,0 x 10 3 dan 1,2 x 10 3 OB/ml, dengan LT 50 kedua instar sekitar 3,4-4,2 hari. Pengaruh infeksi AjGV pada ulat A. janata efektif menurunkan bobot ulat hidup 57,9 dan 57,4% masing-masing pada ulat instar II dan III. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa sasaran yang tepat untuk pengendalian ulat A. janata dengan AjGV di lapangan adalah pada saat instar II dan III. Kata kunci: Achaea janata L, patogenisitas, instar, mortalitas ABSTRACT Achaea janata L. is an important insect pest of castor plant (Ricinus communis L.) that was intensively controlled by chemical insecticide caused inefficiency and an environmental polution. To solve the problems it needs an effective, efficient and environmental friendly of alternative control, especially using Granulosis Virus isolated from A. janata larvae (AjGV). Study on pathogenicity of A. janata virus isolate against castor leaf-eater, A. janata L. was conducted at Insect Pathology Laboratory of Indonesia Sweetener and Fibre Crops Research Institute in Malang from January to December 2012. The objective of study is to test the pathogenicity of AjGV against A. janata larvae. Treatment consists of six concentrations of AjGV, viz. 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 , 10 8 OBs/ml and one control. Four instars of larvae, e.g. second, third, fourth, and fifth were used in this study. Each treatments was arranged in Randomized Block Design with four replications. Parameter recorded were mortality and weight of larvae, LC 50 , and LT 50 . Result showed that AjGV was pathogenic to A. janata larvae, mainly on second and third instar in resulting of 90% and 86.7% of mortality, respectively. The LC 50 of AjGV on the second and third instar was 1.0 x 10 3 and 1.2 x 10 3 OB/ml, respectively and the LT 50 was 3.4 and 4.2 days, respectively. Infection of A. janata virus reduced the weight of both instar up to 57.9% and 57.4%, respectively. This result indicated that the second and third was the suitable instars of A. janata larvae for better control of AjGV in field. Key word: Achaea janata L, pathogenicity, instar, mortality