Open AccessОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВПЛИВУ СОРТІВ ТРИБИ TRITICЕАЕ НА СТРУКТУРУ І КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ СЕГЕТАЛЬНОГО УГРУПУВАННЯ
Author(s) -
Т.З. Москалец
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
bìologìčnij vìsnik melìtopolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo pedagogìčnogo universitetu ìmenì bogdana hmelʹnicʹkogo
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2226-9010
pISSN - 2225-5486
DOI - 10.15421/201604
Subject(s) - galium , poa annua , stellaria media , biology , triticale , botany , agronomy , convolvulus , cirsium arvense , weed
We studied the influence of varieties of tribe Triticeae (Soft Wheat, Winter Rye and Winter Triticale) on the structure and competitiveness of segetal vegetation. It is shown that in the conditions of Polissya, Forest-Steppe Polissya, and Forest-Steppe ecotopes the coenotic composition of plant communities was represented mostly by annual plants and at some extent by hemycryptophytes, cryptophytes, and geophytes. The dominant weed associations of Polissya are: Erodium-Neslia; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Galium-Setaria; Elytrigia-Convolvulus; Apera-Polygonum and Apera-Convolvulus; Polissia-steppe: Viola-Capsella; Matricaria-Galium; Elytrigia-Galeopsis; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Thlaspi-Euphorbia; Forest-Steppe: Elytrigia-Viola; Matricaria-Taraxacum; Consolida-Convolvulus; Cirsium-Taraxacum; Galium-Stellaria; Thlaspi-Plantago, Linaria-Conyza . In terms of the Central Forest-Steppe and Eastern Polisya the medium-grown and medium ripe Wheat (Yuvivata 60 and Poliska 90), Rye (Borotba), Triticale (Slavetne, Slavetne Polipshene. and AD 256) is the most competitive towards segetal vegetation than other medium-grown and semi-dwarf varieties of such cultures. The introduction of Triticale and Rye in the structure of sown areas are an effective biological control towards segetal vegetation, particularly perennial weeds. We revealed that increasing doses of fertilizers on crops of the tribe Triticeae stimulates the growth of weeds, but the specific weight per unit area does not always correlate with density concerning cultural species. We registered the dominant competitive weeds associations in winter crops, regardless of grade, but their differentiation by population strategy and specific weight per unit area depends on the type and conditions of the specific ecotypes. We selected some six associations for the Polissya: Erodium-Neslia; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Galium-Setaria; Elytrigia-Convolvulus; Apera-Polygonum and Apera-Convolvulus; five for Polissya Steppe ecotypes : Viola-Capsella; Matricaria-Galium; Elytrigia-Galeopsis; Chenopodium-Sonchus; Thlaspi-Euphorbia; seven for Forest ecotypes : Elytrigia-Viola; Matricaria-Taraxacum; Consolida-Convolvulus; Cirsium-Taraxacum; Galium-Stellaria; Thlaspi-Plantago, Linaria-Conyza.