Open AccessSignaling Pathways in Thyroid Cancer and Their Therapeutic Implications
Author(s) -
Sanli Jin,
Oyungerel Borkhuu,
Wuyuntu Bao,
Yue Yang
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of clinical medicine research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1918-3011
pISSN - 1918-3003
DOI - 10.14740/jocmr2480w
Subject(s) - wnt signaling pathway , medicine , thyroid cancer , signal transduction , cancer research , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , metastasis , protein kinase b , cancer , mapk/erk pathway , notch signaling pathway , hmga2 , bioinformatics , biology , receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , microrna , biochemistry , gene
Thyroid cancer is a common malignancy of endocrine system, and has now become the fastest increasing cancer among all the malignancies. The development, progression, invasion, and metastasis are closely associated with multiple signaling pathways and the functions of related molecules, such as Src, Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, NF-κB, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), Wnt-β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways. Each of the signaling pathways could exert its function singly or through network with other pathways. These pathways could cooperate, promote, antagonize, or interact with each other to form a complex network for the regulation. Dysfunction of this network could increase the development, progression, invasion, and metastasis of thyroid cancer. Inoperable thyroid cancer still has a poor prognosis. However, signaling pathway-related targeted therapies offer the hope of longer quality of meaningful life for this small group of patients. Signaling pathway-related targets provide unprecedented opportunities for further research and clinical development of novel treatment strategies for this cancer. In the present work, the advances in these signaling pathways and targeted treatments of thyroid cancer were reviewed.