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Background   TERMINAL FLOWER 1  ( TFL1 ) belongs to the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) family, which is involved in inflorescence meristem development and represses flowering in several plant species. In the present study, four  TFL1  genes were cloned from the mango ( Mangifera indica  L.) variety ‘SiJiMi’ and named  MiTFL1-1 ,  MiTFL1-2 ,  MiTFL1-3  and  MiTFL1-4 .    Results  Sequence analysis showed that the encoded MiTFL1 proteins contained a conserved PEBP domain and belonged to the TFL1 group. Expression analysis showed that the  MiTFL1  genes were expressed in not only vegetative organs but also reproductive organs and that the expression levels were related to floral development. Overexpression of the four  MiTFL1  genes delayed flowering in transgenic  Arabidopsis . Additionally,  MiTFL1-1  and  MiTFL1-3  changed the flower morphology in some transgenic plants. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis showed that several stress-related proteins interacted with MiTFL1 proteins.    Conclusions  The four  MiTFL1  genes exhibited a similar expression pattern, and overexpression in  Arabidopsis  resulted in delayed flowering. Additionally,  MiTFL1-1  and  MiTFL1-3  overexpression affected floral organ development. Furthermore, the MiTFL1 proteins could interact with bHLH and 14 - 3-3 proteins. These results indicate that the  MiTFL1  genes may play an important role in the flowering process in mango.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03199-9.

Overexpression of four MiTFL1 genes from mango delays the flowering time in transgenic Arabidopsis