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Background  The B3 superfamily (B3s) represents a class of large plant-specific transcription factors, which play diverse roles in plant growth and development process including flowering induction. However, identification and functional surveys of B3 superfamily have not been reported in ethylene-induced pineapple flowering ( Ananas comosus ).    Results  57  B3  genes containing B3 domain were identified and phylogenetically classified into five subfamilies. Chromosomal localization analysis revealed that 54 of 57  AcB3 s were located on 21 Linkage Groups (LG). Collinearity analysis demonstrated that the segmental duplication was the main event in the evolution of  B3  gene superfamily, and most of them were under purifying selection. The analysis of  cis -element composition suggested that most of these genes may have function in response to abscisic acid, ethylene, MeJA, light, and abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis of 40  AcB3s  containing ethylene responsive elements exhibited that the expression levels of 35 genes were up-regulated within 1 d after ethephon treatment and some were highly expressed in flower bud differentiation period in stem apex, such as  Aco012003 ,  Aco019552  and  Aco014401 .    Conclusion  This study provides a basic information of  AcB3s  and clues for involvement of some  AcB3s  in ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07854-1.

Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of B3 superfamily during ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)