Open AccessMitochondrial dysfunction and liver disease: role, relevance, and potential for therapeutic modulation
Author(s) -
Paul Middleton,
Nikhil Vergis
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
therapeutic advances in gastroenterology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.278
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1756-2848
pISSN - 1756-283X
DOI - 10.1177/17562848211031394
Subject(s) - fatty liver , medicine , mitochondrion , hepatocellular carcinoma , pathophysiology , chronic liver disease , alcoholic liver disease , disease , liver disease , bioinformatics , mitochondrial disease , pathology , mitochondrial dna , cirrhosis , cancer research , biology , genetics , gene
Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. There is a growing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases as well as in cancer development. This review will examine the role mitochondria play in the pathophysiology of common liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction is described widely in the literature in studies examining patient tissue and in disease models. Despite significant differences in pathophysiology between chronic liver diseases, common mitochondrial defects are described, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. We review the current literature on mitochondrial-targeted therapies, which have the potential to open new therapeutic avenues in the management of patients with chronic liver disease.