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We genetically characterized multidrug-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains which caused a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis affecting six human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and one HIV-negative staff member (E. Bouvet, E. Casalino, G. Mendoza-Sassi, S. Lariven, E. Vallée, M. Pernet, S. Gottot, and F. Vachon, AIDS 7:1453–1460, 1993). The strains showed all the phenotypic characteristics ofMycobacterium bovis . They presented a high copy number of IS6110 , the spacers 40 to 43 in the direct repeat locus, and themtp40 fragment. They lacked the G-A mutation at position 285 in theoxyR gene and the C-G mutation at position 169 in thepncA gene. These genetic characteristics revealed that these were dysgonic, slow-growingM. tuberculosis strains mimicking theM. bovis phenotype, probably as a consequence of cellular alterations associated with the multidrug resistance. Spoligotyping and IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis confirmed that the outbreak was due to a single strain. However, the IS6110 RFLP pattern of the strain isolated from the last patient, diagnosed three years after the index case, differed slightly from the patterns of the other six strains. A model of a possible genetic event is presented to explain this divergence. This study stresses the value of using several independent molecular markers to identify multidrug-resistant tubercle bacilli.

journal of clinical microbiology

Molecular Markers Demonstrate that the First Described Multidrug-Resistant <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Outbreak Was Due to <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

Molecular Markers Demonstrate that the First Described Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium bovis Outbreak Was Due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis