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Visible light of moderate intensity inhibits growth, respiration, protein synthesis, and membrane transport in bakers' yeast and has a deleterious effect on membrane integrity. The results of this study indicate that these effects require the presence of cytochromesb anda/a 3 . The light sensitivities of growth rate and [14 C]histidine uptake in wild-typerho + Y185 and D225-5A strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae were compared with those in a variety of mutants lacking cytochromeb ora/a 3 or both; a close correlation was found between the presence of these respiratory pigments and photosensitivity. Thus, strain TL5-3C, a nuclear petite lacking cytochromesb, a , anda 3 , was resistant to light; strain GL5-6A, another nuclear petite having reduced amounts of cytochromesa anda 3 , was partially resistant; strains MB127-20C and MB1-6C, nuclear petites lacking only cytochromeb , were also only partially resistant to light; whereas mutants containing all three cytochromes but having their respiratory chain either nonfunctional (strain ZK3-6B) or uncoupled (strain 18-27/t12) were fully sensitive to light. Finally, an equal-energy, broad-band action spectrum for the light inhibition of growth and transport indicated that blue light (408 nm) was most effective; these wavelengths correspond to the Soret region of the cytochrome absorption spectrum. The results suggest, therefore, that the yeast cytochromesb, a , anda 3 are the primary photoreceptors for the inhibitory effects of light and, perhaps, for other processes, such as the entrainment of biological rhythms in this species.

journal of bacteriology

Light Effects in Yeast: Evidence for Participation of Cytochromes in Photoinhibition of Growth and Transport in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Cultured at Low Temperatures

Light Effects in Yeast: Evidence for Participation of Cytochromes in Photoinhibition of Growth and Transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cultured at Low Temperatures