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Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was grown on ethanol in a chemostat as a model system for single-cell protein production. The substrate yield coefficient (Ys , grams of biomass/gram of ethanol), protein yield coefficient (Yp , grams of protein/gram of ethanol), and biomass composition were measured as a function of the specific growth rate. Nucleic acid, protein,Yp , andYs all increased at higher growth rates. Although protein content increased only 14% (from 53 to 67%),Yp almost doubled over the same range of growth rates. The increase inYp was due to the higher protein content of the biomass and to higher values ofYs . The higher values ofYs were attributed to maintenance metabolism, and the value of the maintenance coefficient was found to be 0.11 g of ethanol per g of cell per h. WhenA. calcoaceticus was cultivated under a phosphorus limitation protein content,Yp andYs were lower than in carbon-limited cultures. It was concluded that a single-cell protein fermentation usingA. calcoaceticus should be operated at a high growth rate under ethanol-limiting conditions in order to maximize both the protein content of the biomass and the amount of biomass and/or protein made from the substrate.

Effect of Growth Rate and Nutrient Limitation on the Composition and Biomass Yield of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus