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Three hundred twenty-nine strains of the tribeKlebsielleae were compared by several biochemical tests and by susceptibility to selected antibiotics. Biochemical tests included urease, amino acid decarboxylase, and hydrogen sulfide production; fermentation of lactose and dextrose; motility; and tests in the IMViC (indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate) series. The isolates were:Klebsiella species, 67.5%;Enterobacter species, 28%, andSerratia species, 4.5%. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of cephaloridine, cephalothin, and a new cephalosporin, cephalexin, and of ampicillin were determined by the agar dilution procedure. Cephalosporins at 20 μg/ml or less inhibited 90% of theKlebsiella strains but only 15% of theEnterobacter strains. Ampicillin inhibited 27% ofEnterobacter strains and 17% ofKlebsiella strains.Serratia isolates were insensitive to the cephalosporins and ampicillin. The results suggest that precise identification of this group to the generic level can be accomplished readily in the clinical laboratory and that such information is helpful in the preliminary selection of an antibiotic for treatment of clinical infections.

Klebsiella, Enterobacter , and Serratia : Biochemical Differentiation and Susceptibility to Ampicillin and Three Cephalosporin Derivatives